HSP90 Genes in Roses and Their Role in Salt and Drought Stress

Greg Howard
20th August, 2024

HSP90 Genes in Roses and Their Role in Salt and Drought Stress

Image Source: Natural Science News, 2024

Key Findings

  • Researchers at the Henan Institute of Science and Technology studied the HSP90 gene family in Chinese rose and red raspberry to understand their roles under salt and drought stresses
  • They identified six HSP90 genes in Chinese rose and eight in red raspberry, with notable structural differences between the two species
  • Certain HSP90 genes in Chinese rose play significant roles in regulating the plant's response to salt and drought stress, suggesting potential for breeding more resilient rose varieties
Heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) is a crucial component in many organisms, including plants, for managing stress responses. In a recent study by the Henan Institute of Science and Technology[1], researchers investigated the HSP90 gene family in Rosa chinensis (Chinese rose) and Rubus idaeus (red raspberry) to understand their roles under salt and drought stresses. This study holds significant promise for breeding more resilient rose varieties. The researchers identified six HSP90 genes in R. chinensis and eight in Ru. idaeus. Phylogenetic analysis divided these genes into two major groups and four subgroups (Classes 1a, 1b, 2a, and 2b). Interestingly, while genes within the same classes showed highly similar structures, there were notable differences between the groups. Tandem and segmental duplication genes were found in Ru. idaeus but not in R. chinensis, potentially explaining the disparity in HSP90 gene numbers between the two species. The study further analyzed cis-acting elements—regions of non-coding DNA which regulate the transcription of nearby genes—and found them to be abundant in elements related to abiotic stress, light response, and hormone response in R. chinensis HSP90s. This suggests that these genes are intricately involved in the plant’s response to environmental stresses. Using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), the researchers examined the expression of HSP90 genes under salt and drought stress in two rose varieties, Wangxifeng and Sweet Avalanche. They found that RcHSP90-1-1, RcHSP90-5-1, and RcHSP90-6-1 played significant regulatory roles in these conditions. Differences in protein structures and activation sites of these genes likely contribute to their specific roles in stress responses. This study builds on earlier research highlighting the importance of HSP90 in plant stress responses. For instance, HSP90 has been shown to interact with various proteins to form complexes that regulate defense responses and protein quality control under stress conditions[2][3][4]. Specifically, in Arabidopsis, HSP90 regulates temperature-dependent cell death and defense responses by interacting with the RPP4 protein[2]. Similarly, in rice, HSP90, along with its cochaperone Hop/Sti1, is crucial for the maturation and transport of pathogen recognition receptors, which are essential for innate immunity[3]. Moreover, the findings from the Henan Institute study align with previous research on the role of transcription factors in stress responses. For example, NAC transcription factors have been shown to regulate drought tolerance in roses by modulating ABA signaling pathways[5]. The current study’s identification of HSP90’s role under salt and drought stress adds another layer to our understanding of how plants manage abiotic stresses at the molecular level. In summary, the Henan Institute of Science and Technology’s research provides valuable insights into the HSP90 gene family in R. chinensis and Ru. idaeus, highlighting their roles in stress resistance. This knowledge can be instrumental in breeding rose varieties with enhanced tolerance to environmental stresses, contributing to more resilient agricultural practices.

GeneticsBiochemPlant Science

References

Main Study

1) Genome-wide identification of HSP90 gene family in Rosa chinensis and its response to salt and drought stresses.

Published 20th August, 2024

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-024-04052-0

Related Studies

2) Arabidopsis HSP90 protein modulates RPP4-mediated temperature-dependent cell death and defense responses.

https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12760

3) The Hop/Sti1-Hsp90 chaperone complex facilitates the maturation and transport of a PAMP receptor in rice innate immunity.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chom.2010.02.008

4) ZEITLUPE Contributes to a Thermoresponsive Protein Quality Control System in Arabidopsis.

https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.17.00612

5) Transcription factor RcNAC091 enhances rose drought tolerance through the abscisic acid-dependent pathway.

https://doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiad366


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