Using SCoT Markers to Study Genetic Diversity in Bread Wheat

Jenn Hoskins
9th June, 2024

Using SCoT Markers to Study Genetic Diversity in Bread Wheat

Image Source: Natural Science News, 2024

Key Findings

  • The study, conducted at Sivas University of Science and Technology, explored the genetic diversity of 80 bread wheat genotypes using the SCoT marker system
  • Researchers found a high level of genetic variation within the wheat genotypes, with 92% of the genetic variation occurring within populations
  • The study identified two distinct populations of wheat genotypes, with Population A showing greater genetic diversity than Population B
Wheat is a staple food for nearly one-third of the global population, making its genetic diversity crucial for improving crop quality and resilience. A recent study conducted by researchers at Sivas University of Science and Technology aimed to explore the genetic diversity of 80 bread wheat genotypes using the start codon targeted (SCoT) marker system[1]. This research provides valuable insights that can be utilized in breeding programs and germplasm conservation, which are essential for enhancing agricultural practices. The study employed 14 polymorphic primers to generate a total of 399 bands, with an average of 28.05 bands per primer. Key diversity markers such as polymorphism information content (ranging from 0.26 to 0.59), effective numbers of alleles (1.27 to 1.59), Shannon’s information index (0.30 to 0.51), and gene diversity (0.18 to 0.34) indicated a high level of genetic variation within the studied wheat genotypes. Analysis of molecular variance revealed that 92% of the genetic variation was found within populations, underscoring the rich genetic diversity present in the germplasm. The model-based structural approach divided the 80 bread wheat genotypes into two distinct populations, labeled Population A and Population B. Population A exhibited greater genetic diversity compared to Population B. This was further corroborated by principal coordinate analysis and neighbor-joining analysis, which also differentiated the genotypes based on their collection points. The findings from this study align with previous research on genetic diversity in other crops. For instance, similar diversity indices were found in safflower, where 131 accessions from 28 countries were analyzed using iPBS-retrotransposon markers[2]. This study revealed a mean polymorphism information content of 0.48 and showed that more than 40% of genetic variation was derived from populations. Another study on rosewood utilized iPBS-retrotransposon markers and found high genetic diversity within populations, with 79% of genetic variation occurring within the populations[3]. These studies collectively highlight the utility of different marker systems in uncovering genetic diversity across various plant species. Moreover, the use of the STRUCTURE algorithm in the wheat study to identify distinct populations is consistent with its application in sorghum research, where it helped in identifying six genetic groups[4]. This algorithm has proven effective in detecting the uppermost hierarchical level of genetic structure, as demonstrated in various dispersal scenarios[5]. The current study's findings have significant implications for wheat breeding programs. The rich genetic diversity within the wheat genotypes offers opportunities for developing new varieties with improved quality and increased tolerance to environmental stresses. This is particularly important in the context of global food security, as enhancing crop resilience can mitigate the impacts of climate change and other environmental challenges. In summary, the research conducted by Sivas University of Science and Technology has provided essential insights into the genetic diversity of bread wheat. By leveraging the SCoT marker system, the study has identified significant genetic variation within the wheat genotypes, which can be harnessed to improve crop quality and resilience. This research, along with previous studies on other crops, underscores the importance of genetic diversity in advancing agricultural practices and ensuring food security.

AgricultureGeneticsPlant Science

References

Main Study

1) Applicability of Start Codon Targeted (SCoT) markers for the assessment of genetic diversity in bread wheat germplasm

Published 8th June, 2024

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10722-024-02016-0

Related Studies

2) Mobile genomic element diversity in world collection of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) panel using iPBS-retrotransposon markers.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0211985

3) Applicability of inter-primer binding site iPBS- retrotransposon marker system for the assessment of genetic diversity and population structure of Peruvian rosewood (Aniba rosaeodora Ducke) germplasm.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-021-07056-8

4) Genetic structure, linkage disequilibrium and signature of selection in Sorghum: lessons from physically anchored DArT markers.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033470

5) Detecting the number of clusters of individuals using the software STRUCTURE: a simulation study.

Journal: Molecular ecology, Issue: Vol 14, Issue 8, Jul 2005


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