How Different Sweet Corn Hybrids Perform Over the Years Using the AMMI Model

Jenn Hoskins
16th May, 2024

How Different Sweet Corn Hybrids Perform Over the Years Using the AMMI Model

Image Source: Natural Science News, 2024

Key Findings

  • The study by Poznań University of Life Sciences evaluated the stability and productivity of ten sweet maize hybrids in the Wielkopolska region over four years
  • Golda and GSS 3071 hybrids showed the best stability and high average trait values, making them ideal for breeding programs
  • The AMMI model effectively identified hybrids with consistent performance across different environmental conditions, crucial for reliable agricultural production
The stability of crop yields is crucial for ensuring consistent food production and enhancing food security, especially in regions heavily dependent on specific staple crops. A recent study conducted by the Poznań University of Life Sciences[1] has focused on examining the stability and productivity of sweet maize hybrids (Zea mays L.) under different environmental conditions. This investigation aimed to identify hybrids that not only perform well but also maintain their performance across varying environments. The study utilized the additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model to evaluate genotype × environment interactions, which are the variations in crop performance due to the combined effects of genetic makeup and environmental conditions. Four productivity traits were assessed: cobs yield, cobs I class trade share, length of cobs, and fulfillment of cobs. Ten sweet maize hybrids—Golda, GSS 1453, GSS 3071, GSS 5829, GSS 8529, Overland, Noa, Shinerock, Sindon, and Tessa—were evaluated over four vegetative seasons in the Wielkopolska region using replicated field experiments. The AMMI model revealed significant genotypic and environmental effects for all analyzed traits. This means that both the genetic differences among the hybrids and the varying environmental conditions significantly influenced the traits being studied. The AMMI stability value, which measures the consistency of a genotype's performance across different environments, was used alongside the genotype selection index, which incorporates both the average trait value and the stability index, to identify the most promising hybrids. The findings highlighted that the Golda cultivar and the GSS 3071 hybrid exhibited superior stability and favorable average trait values, making them ideal candidates for further breeding programs. This recommendation is based on their consistent performance across different environmental conditions, which is essential for reliable agricultural production. These results align with previous studies that also emphasized the importance of stability in crop performance across varying environments. For instance, a study on grain corn genotypes demonstrated that high and stable yield performance is crucial for reducing dependency on imported grain corn and increasing local production[2]. Similarly, research on Bambara groundnut revealed significant genotype × environment interactions, underscoring the need for selecting stable genotypes for consistent yields[3]. Moreover, the current study's use of the AMMI model complements earlier findings that compared the effectiveness of AMMI and GGE biplot models in evaluating genotype stability and adaptability. While the GGE biplot method was found superior in retaining genotype × environment interaction information, the AMMI model provided more accurate predictions based on cross-validation results[4]. This reinforces the reliability of the AMMI model used in the current study. In summary, the study conducted by the Poznań University of Life Sciences successfully identified sweet maize hybrids with both high productivity and stability across different environments. This research not only contributes to the ongoing efforts to improve crop yields but also provides valuable insights for breeding programs aimed at developing robust and reliable crop varieties. The integration of findings from previous studies further validates the importance of stability in crop performance and the effectiveness of models like AMMI in achieving this goal.

AgricultureGeneticsPlant Science

References

Main Study

1) Genotype by year interaction for selected traits in sweet maize (Zea maize L.) hybrids using AMMI model

Published 15th May, 2024

https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-024-03352-z

Related Studies

2) Genotype × Environment Interaction and Stability Analysis of Commercial Hybrid Grain Corn Genotypes in Different Environments.

https://doi.org/10.3390/life12111773

3) AMMI and GGE biplot analyses of Bambara groundnut [Vigna subterranea (L.) Verdc.] for agronomic performances under three environmental conditions.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.997429

4) Genotypic stability and adaptability in tropical maize based on AMMI and GGE biplot analysis.

https://doi.org/10.4238/vol8-4gmr658


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