Discovering Bacteria Communities in the Fruiting Body of a Unique Mushroom

Greg Howard
20th August, 2024

Discovering Bacteria Communities in the Fruiting Body of a Unique Mushroom

Image Source: Natural Science News, 2024

Key Findings

  • The study from the University of Miyazaki, Japan, found that the bacterial diversity within the fruiting body of Sarcodon aspratus is significantly lower than in the surrounding soil
  • Specific bacterial clades, particularly the Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium group, are highly abundant in the fruiting body and may be essential for its development
  • These findings suggest that certain bacteria play a crucial role in the growth and formation of S. aspratus, potentially aiding in more effective cultivation techniques
Sarcodon aspratus (Berk.) S. Ito, a fungus native to Japan, is known for its unique aroma and potential benefits against allergic diseases. Despite its culinary and medicinal value, cultivating this fungus has proven challenging. Recent research from the University of Miyazaki, Japan, sought to understand the role of bacterial communities in the growth and development of S. aspratus, focusing on its fruiting body and the soil it grows in[1]. The study used 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing to analyze the bacterial communities within the fruiting body of S. aspratus and its surrounding soil. The findings revealed that the bacterial diversity within the fruiting body was significantly lower than in the soil. This suggests that specific bacterial communities are more closely associated with the fruiting body than the general soil environment. One of the key discoveries was the high relative abundance of bacteria from the Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium clade in the fruiting body of S. aspratus. This clade was identified as a potential coexisting bacterium through linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) analysis. Interestingly, a similar pattern was observed in the fruiting body of Cantharellus cibarius, another fungus known for its complex bacterial associations[2][3]. This suggests that the Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium clade might play a crucial role in the bacterial communities of both fungi. Previous studies have highlighted the importance of bacterial communities in the development and function of fungal fruiting bodies. For instance, the bacterial community within truffles was found to be dominated by specific bacterial groups, including Proteobacteria, Bacteroides, Actinobacteria, and Firmicutes, with a notable dominance of Bradyrhizobium in truffles of the Tuber genus[4]. Similarly, research on Cantharellus cibarius has shown that both abundant and rare bacteria in its fruiting body and mycosphere play specialized roles, affecting its growth and development[2]. The current study on S. aspratus builds on these findings by demonstrating that specific bacterial clades, such as Allorhizobium-Neorhizobium-Pararhizobium-Rhizobium, are not only present but potentially essential for the formation and development of the fruiting body. This aligns with previous research showing that bacteria can significantly influence fungal growth stages and ecological functions[3][5]. The method used in this study, 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing, is a powerful tool for identifying and characterizing bacterial communities. This technique allows for the detection of a wide range of bacteria, providing a comprehensive overview of the microbial ecosystem within the fruiting body and its surrounding soil. The use of LEfSe analysis further helped identify specific bacterial clades that are significantly associated with the fruiting body, highlighting their potential role in fungal development. In conclusion, the study from the University of Miyazaki underscores the importance of bacterial communities in the growth and development of Sarcodon aspratus. By identifying specific bacterial clades that are closely associated with the fruiting body, this research provides valuable insights into the complex interactions between fungi and bacteria. These findings could pave the way for more effective cultivation techniques for S. aspratus and other fungi, ultimately enhancing their culinary and medicinal applications.

GeneticsBiochemMycology

References

Main Study

1) A finding of potential coexisting bacteria and characterization of the bacterial communities in the fruiting body of Sarcodon aspratus.

Published 19th August, 2024

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12223-024-01189-6

Related Studies

2) New perspective: Symbiotic pattern and assembly mechanism of Cantharellus cibarius-associated bacteria.

https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2023.1074468

3) Bacterial community dynamics across developmental stages of fungal fruiting bodies.

https://doi.org/10.1093/femsec/fiaa175

4) The Truffle Microbiome: Species and Geography Effects on Bacteria Associated with Fruiting Bodies of Hypogeous Pezizales.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0755-3

5) Bacterial diversity among the fruit bodies of ectomycorrhizal and saprophytic fungi and their corresponding hyphosphere soils.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-30120-6


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